By The Stef (01/21/2009) http://www.soccorritori.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=23&Itemid=2
In Italy first articles came out in emergency psychology in 1908, the earthquake of Messina in 1980, but still, after the Irpinia earthquake, struggling room for themselves the possibility of a psychological intervention in situations of high risk of trauma.
And here it is not beyond the occasional participation and disorganized, the intervention of individuals or small groups of psychologists who understood the risks of those involved, who were victims or rescuers.
is only in the last decade, however, that the emergency psychology begins to see the first official recognition, inter alia, with: the establishment by the Universities of specific Master. The first course is started in Padua, in 2004 (which I attended in that year), today received the support of the National Civil Protection, Furthermore, with the publication in the Official Gazette, No. 200, August 29, 2006, "Criteria of maximum on psychosocial interventions to be implemented in emergencies" in which it is expected the formation of EPE (Psychosocial Team for Emergencies), and yet the realization First Training Camp of the first Civil Defence Emergency in the Psychologists Italian Marco di Rovereto in September last year (which we have participated in PsiemItalia), strongly backed and organized by the President of the National Federation of Psychologists for the Peoples Dr Ranzato Louis, to name a few.
psychologists emergency, which are perceived primarily as emergency workers, are specialized to intervene in contexts usually unusual for them. Indeed, everything is different: via the shirts and structured setting, no appointments or meetings to set time, even the language changes and takes on their own, with the necessary adjustments, a specific technical vocabulary. Thus: emergency, triage, CISDA, CISM, PMA, CCS, COC, COM ... are words or symbols, which to a clinical psychologist, a psychotherapist or psychiatrist who do not care directly, they are commonly known. It is therefore important for us to cultivate these skills through workshops, tutorials, research and conferences that allow the comparison and the growth continues. Personally
over to have founded with some colleagues PsiemItalia Association, which aims to promote this new figure as a professional, thus exiting from volunteering, I am part, as a counselor, a psychologist for the Peoples of the Veneto, together with teachers' University and the master said.
Today, this branch of psychology certainly has useful content to share with other professionals of the emergency; information you need to take action while protecting its psychological dimension and that of people who come to the aid. Such protection, which must be part of the normal equipment of each operator, will at this point, just worn as a suit or a pair of gloves.
The reference model of the psychology of the emergency, however, is not centered on the psychosocial trauma but that's what. Psychological intervention, in fact, focuses on a disease to be cured but rather to preserve normality. The psychologist's role in activating crisis intervention is to help those involved in containing the level of stress to make up the lifestyle before you get to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder known or perhaps other psychiatric disorders as a result of reactivated retraumatization. The psychologist then
protect the "thinking space" in the confusion of events because ingeneratasi drama in which everything becomes chaotic and it is necessary to support each other not to feel lost, because a victim who feels helpless is more likely to develop PTSD. But the key thing
psychologist in emergency care is not anyone, rather it takes "care of ..." working the so-called psycho-social care and making psychoeducational interventions in order to illustrate the possible reactions to the victims of stress, symptoms that could present and methods for handling them.
interventions must be well organized and coordinated with the machine so that the relief effort is not only humanitarian but also humanizing.
It was thought then to the figure of psychologist as an expert in critical incident or disaster management and some of its areas of intervention include: environmental disasters, the diagnosis of terminal illness, reporting of deaths, the phenomena related to immigration ... and worked in emergency for example
- Responding to basic needs (eg food, clothing, shelter)
- Facilitating the survivors to recover a good night's sleep
- Protecting the privacy of the victim, even by the media
- Helping the survivors to be reunited with their families and loved ones
- Helping to take concrete steps to restore the normal rhythm of life before
- Supporting the rescuers through advice on reactions to stress and management techniques active intervention of debriefing and defusing.
models of stress management on the crisis most famous are the CISM (Critical Incident Stress Managenment) and CISDA (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing).
Both are ways and means structures and protocols.
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